Statistics: Which capital is suitable for you?

Algiers is the capital and largest city of Algeria, located on the Mediterranean coast. It was founded in 944 and has a population of about 2.9 million people. Known as the "White City", it combines Arab traditions and colonial heritage. Among the attractions are the Kasbah (UNESCO site), the Basilica of Notre‑Dame d'Afrique and the Monument to the Martyrs.

Luanda is the capital and largest city of Angola, located on the Atlantic Ocean coast. It was founded in 1576. It is the economic, political and cultural center of the country with contrasting architecture: from colonial buildings to modern skyscrapers. One of the most expensive cities in Africa. The population is about 4.5 million people.

Porto Novo is the capital of Benin in West Africa, located on the coast of the Gulf of Guinea. Founded in the 17th century, it was formerly called Ajache. It received its modern name from the Portuguese ("New Porto"). The city is home to the parliament and a number of ministries of the country. The population is about 260 thousand people (2013 estimate).

Gaborone— the capital of Botswana since 1966, is located in the south‑east of the country at an altitude of about 1,000 m. The population is over 200 thousand people. A transport hub with an international airport. The University of Botswana, the National Museum, the Nature Reserve and other cultural sites are located here. The city combines modernity and African flavor.

Ouagadougou is the capital of Burkina Faso and the largest city in the country. It is located between the rivers of the Black and White Volta. The population is about 2.7 million people (2020). An important transportation, economic and cultural center of West Africa with a rich history and traditions. It is known for the FESPACO festival and the SIAO Craft Fair.

Gitega has been the capital of Burundi since 2019, and the administrative center of the province of the same name. Founded in 1912, it is located at an altitude of 1,845 m above sea level. The population is about 135 thousand people (2020). The city has a National Museum, a royal palace and a pottery market.

Libreville is the capital of Gabon, founded in 1849. It is located on the west coast of Africa, on the shores of the Bay of Gabon. The name translates from French as "free city". The population is about 800 thousand people. The main economic and cultural center of the country.

Banjul is the capital of the Gambia, located on St. Mary's Island at the mouth of the Gambia River. Founded in 1816, it was called Bathurst until 1973. The area is 12 km2, the population is 34 thousand people (2020). It is an important port and administrative center of the country.

Accra is the capital and largest city of Ghana, located on the shores of the Gulf of Guinea. The population is over 2 million people (according to the 2010 census). It is an important economic, transport and cultural center of the country. It is known for its colonial forts, markets, beaches and pan-African culture.

Conakry is the capital of Guinea, located on the Kalum Peninsula and Tombo Island (connected by a causeway) near the Atlantic Ocean. The population is about 2.04 million people (2021). The country's largest port, transport and economic center. It was founded in the 1880s, and has been the capital since 1958.

Bissau has been the capital of Guinea—Bissau since 1974, located on the Atlantic Ocean coast at the mouth of the Jeba River. It was founded by the Portuguese at the end of the 17th century. It is a major seaport and the main industrial center of the country (about 60% of enterprises). The population is 621 thousand people (2021). The area is 78 km2.

Kinshasa is the capital of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, located on the southern bank of the Congo River opposite Brazzaville (the capital of the Republic of the Congo). Founded in 1881, it was called Leopoldville until 1966. One of the largest French—speaking cities in the world, with a population of over 12 million people (2016).

Djibouti is the capital of the Republic of Djibouti, founded in 1888 by the French. It is located on the coast of the Gulf of Aden at the entrance to the Red Sea. An important logistics and trade hub of East Africa, the main sea gateway for Ethiopia. It is characterized by a mix of cultures and colonial architecture.

Lusaka is the capital of Zambia, founded in 1905, and has been the capital of an independent country since 1964. It is located in the central part of the state at an altitude of about 1280 m above sea level. The population is over 2.6 million people (2019), the area is 417.9 km2. It is an important economic and transport hub.

Harare is the capital and largest city of Zimbabwe. It is located in the north‑east of the country, on the Matabele plateau (about 1,500 m above sea level). The population is about 1.5 million people (2019). Founded in 1890, it was called Salisbury until 1982. The economic, administrative and cultural center of the state.

Praia is the capital and largest city of Cabo‑Verde, located on the southern coast of the island of Santiago. The economic, political and cultural center of the country. The name translates from Portuguese as "beach". It has a cosmopolitan atmosphere and a warm climate.

Yaounde is the capital of Cameroon, founded in 1888-1889. It is located in the south of the country at an altitude of 700-750 m above sea level, on the banks of the Mfundi River and its tributaries. The population is about 4.2 million people (2021). It is a major transport hub and administrative center.

Nairobi is the capital of Kenya and the largest city in East Africa. Founded in 1899, it is located near the equator at an altitude of 1,661 m above sea level. The population is about 4.39 million people (according to the 2019 census). The city is home to one of the additional UN offices and the Nairobi National Park.

Moroni is the capital and largest city of the Comoros, located on the island of Grande‑Komor (Ngazidzha) at the foot of the active Kartala volcano. The economic, political and cultural center of a country with a tropical climate. The population is about 111,329 people. It is famous for the historic Medina and the Old Friday Mosque.

Yamoussoukro — the capital of Côte d'Ivoire’Since 1983, it has been located in the central part of the country, about 250 km from the Gulf of Guinea. The population is about 213 thousand people (according to the 2014 census). The main attraction is the Cathedral of Our Lady of the Myrrh (157 m high), which resembles St. Peter's Cathedral in Rome.

Maseru is the capital of Lesotho, founded in 1869 by Moshesh I. It is located in the western part of the country, in the foothills of the Dragon Mountains, on the left bank of the Caledonian River (on the border with South Africa). The population is about 330 thousand people (2016). The main economic and cultural center of the state.

Monrovia is the capital of Liberia, founded in 1822, named after U.S. President James Monroe. It is located on the Atlantic Ocean coast, at the mouth of the St. Paul River. The population is about 1.47 million people (2019). It is a major port and the main economic center of the country.

Tripoli is the capital of Libya, located in the northwest of the country on the Mediterranean coast. Founded in the 7th century BC, it is a major port that combines ancient ruins, Ottoman palaces and mosques, and modern buildings. The population is about 1.2 million people.

Port Louis is the capital and largest city of Mauritius, located on the northwest coast of the island near the Indian Ocean, surrounded by the Moka Mountains. The population is about 150 thousand people. An important economic and commercial center of the country, the main port of the island is located here. It is known for its colorful markets and the Caudan Waterfront.

Nouakchott is the capital and largest city of Mauritania, located a few kilometers from the Atlantic Ocean, on the edge of the Sahara. The population is over a million people. It was founded in 1957. The name is translated from Berber as "place of the winds". It has an international airport and a seaport.

Antananarivo is the capital of Madagascar, located in the central part of the island on a high plateau (1,240-1,470 m above sea level). Founded in the 17th century, the population is about 1.5 million people. The economic and administrative center of the country with its colonial architecture and distinctive culture.

Lilongwe has been the capital of Malawi since 1975, located in the central part of the country at an altitude of about 1,100 m, on the Lilongwe River. The population is about 724 thousand people (as of 2010). The city is divided into an Old Town with traditional markets and a City center with government buildings. There is a nature reserve within the city limits.

Bamako is the capital of Mali, located on the banks of the Niger River in the southwestern part of the country. The population is over 2 million people. It is a major economic and cultural center of West Africa with a tropical savanna climate. Attractions include the Grand Mosque, the National Museum of Mali and Point G Hill with panoramic views.

Rabat is the capital of Morocco, located on the Atlantic Ocean coast at the mouth of the Bouregreg River. The population is about 570 thousand people. The city combines ancient history and modernity: it has ancient neighborhoods, the Kasbah Udaya, Hassan Tower and the Mausoleum of Mohammed V, as well as modern neighborhoods and parks.

Maputo is the capital and largest port of Mozambique on the shores of the Indian Ocean. The population is about 1.2 million people. It combines colonial architecture (railway station, "Iron House") and modern neighborhoods, famous for beaches, Tunduru Botanical Garden and multinational cuisine. The climate is tropical, with an average annual temperature of about +30 °C.

Windhoek is the capital and largest city of Namibia, founded in 1840. It is located at an altitude of about 1,650 m above sea level. The economic, political and cultural center of the country. The population is over 334 thousand people (as of 2012). The name translates from Afrikaans as "windy corner".

Niamey is the capital of Niger, located on the left bank of the Niger River in the southwestern part of the country. Founded in 1892, it became the capital in 1960. The largest city in the state with a population of about 1.3 million people (2020), the administrative, economic and cultural center.

Abuja has been the capital of Nigeria since 1991, located in the central part of the country on the Jos Plateau. The population is about 3.1 million people (2019). The city is designed as a modern administrative center, has a well-developed infrastructure and ethnic diversity (more than 250 ethnic groups).

Brazzaville is the capital of the Republic of the Congo, founded in 1880 by Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza. It is located on the right bank of the Congo River, opposite Kinshasa. It is a major transport, industrial and cultural center with a population of about 2 million people. The city has the Maya Maya International Airport and a river port.

Kigali is the capital and largest city of Rwanda, founded in 1907. It is located in the center of the country on the slopes of a mountain (the average height is 1,830 m). The population is about 1.17 million people (estimated for 2021). The climate is mild, with an average monthly temperature of 20-21 °C. Among the attractions is the memorial to the victims of the genocide in Rwanda.

Sao Tome is the capital and largest city of the Democratic Republic of San‑Tome and Principe. It is located in the northeast of the island of San‑Tome (Gulf of Guinea). It was founded by the Portuguese at the end of the 15th century. The population is about 71 thousand people (2014). An important port and transport hub of the country.

Victoria is the capital of the Seychelles on Mahe Island (founded in 1841). The area is 20.1 km2, the population is about 26 thousand people. One of the smallest capitals in the world: there are no high-rise buildings (buildings no taller than palm trees), there is a clock tower, Sir Selwyn Selwyn market‑Clark and the Botanical Garden.

Dakar is the capital of Senegal, located on the Cape Verde Peninsula (Cape‑Ver) by the Atlantic Ocean. A major seaport and transport hub of West Africa, founded in 1857. The population is over 2 million people. Known as the finish point of the Dakar Rally, it has colonial architecture and beaches.

Mogadishu is the capital and largest city of Somalia, located on the coast of the Indian Ocean in the Banadir region. The population is about 4.2 million people. Historically, it is an important commercial port. Among the attractions: Hammawain old district, Fakhr al‑Din Mosque, Lido beach. It has a hot tropical climate.

Khartoum is the capital of Sudan, located in the central part of the country at the confluence of the White and Blue Nile (form the Nile). The area is 398 km2, the population is about 5.7 million people (2020). An important transport hub and river port, it has an international airport. The name translates from Arabic as "elephant's trunk".

Freetown is the capital of Sierra Leone, founded in 1792 as a "free city" for freed slaves. It is located on the Atlantic Ocean coast. The population is over 1 million people (2015). The largest economic, political and cultural center of the country, an important seaport.

Dodoma has been the capital of Tanzania since 1974, located in the central part of the country on a hill (1,290 m), 320 km from the Indian Ocean. The population is 765.2 thousand people (2022). An important transport hub and administrative center. It is known for the Gaddafi Mosque and local winemaking.

Lomé is the capital of Togo, located in the south of the country, on the coast of the Gulf of Guinea, near the border with Ghana. The population is over 2.5 million people (with suburbs, estimated in 2021). The main seaport, the economic and administrative center of the state. It was founded at the end of the XVIII century.

Tunis is the capital and largest city of Tunisia, located in northern Africa on the Mediterranean coast. The political, cultural and economic center of the country. It combines antiquity (the Medina is a UNESCO site, the ruins of Carthage) and modernity, oriental flavor and European influence.

Kampala is the capital of Uganda, founded in 1890. It is located in the south of the country, north of Lake Victoria, at an altitude of about 1300 m, on several hills. The largest city in the state (population — over 1.5 million people), a political, economic and cultural center. The name comes from a Luganda word meaning "antelope".

Bangui is the capital of the Central African Republic, founded in 1889. It is located on the right bank of the Ubangi River. The population is about 948 thousand people (2020). The economic, transport and cultural center of the country: there is an international airport, a river port, a university, and museums. The name in translation from sango means "rapids".

N'Djamena is the capital and largest city of Chad. It is located at the confluence of the Shari and Logon rivers, near the border with Cameroon. The population is over 1 million people. Hot semi-desert climate. It is an important administrative, economic and cultural center of the country. It was called Fort Lamy until 1973.

Ciudad de la‑Paz is the new capital of Equatorial Guinea from January 2, 2026. It was built in the jungle on the mainland (Rio Muni) instead of Malabo. It is funded by oil revenues; it is designed for 200,000 residents, but in 2022 about 2,000 people lived here.

Asmara is the capital of Eritrea, located at an altitude of over 2,300 m above sea level. It is known as the "Little Rome" and the "Museum of Modernism" due to the Italian colonial architecture of the early 20th century (Art Deco, futurism, etc.). The population is about 963,000 people.

Mbabane is the capital of Eswatini (formerly Swaziland), the administrative center of the Hoho district. It is located in the northwestern part of the country, in the foothills of the Dragon Mountains (at an altitude of 1,150 m), at the foot of Mt Mdimba, on the Mbabane River. The population is about 68 thousand people (2018 estimate).

Addis Ababa is the capital of Ethiopia, founded in 1886. Located at an altitude of about 2,400 m above sea level, it is known for its mild climate ("the city of eternal spring"). It is a major political, cultural and diplomatic center of Africa: the headquarters of the African Union and the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa are located here.

Cape Town is a city in South Africa, located at the Cape of Good Hope on the Atlantic coast, near Table Mountain. The second most populous city in the country (about 5 million people, 2024). The seat of the Parliament of South Africa is located here. It is known for its picturesque landscapes, Mediterranean climate and rich history.

Pretoria is the administrative capital of South Africa, located in the northeast of the country in the province of Gauteng. It is known as the "city of jacarandes" because of the blooming purple trees, has rich colonial architecture, includes the Union Building and the 25‑kilometer‑long Church Street.

Bloemfontein is the judicial capital of South Africa, the center of the province of Fri‑The state. Founded in 1846, it is located on a plateau at an altitude of 1395 m. It is known as the "city of roses": there is a Royal Rose Park and a cherry orchard in Hamilton Park. The city is home to the Supreme Court of South Africa and a number of major museums. The population is about 256 thousand people.

Juba is the capital and largest city of South Sudan, located on the left bank of the White Nile River in the state of Central Equatoria. The population is about 440 thousand people (2022). It is an important transport, economic and political center of a country with a tropical climate and pronounced wet and dry seasons.

Manama is the capital of Bahrain, located on the northeast coast of the island in the Persian Gulf. The largest city in the country, its economic, cultural and administrative center. It combines ancient Arab culture with modern architecture: there are ancient forts, mosques and skyscrapers.

Amman is the capital and largest city of Jordan, located in the northwest of the country, 40 km from the Dead Sea. It combines ancient history (the ruins of the temple of Hercules, the Citadel) with modern life — shopping malls, cafes, cultural institutions. The population is over 1 million people.

Baghdad is the capital of Iraq, located on the banks of the Tigris River. It was founded in 762 by the Caliph al‑By Mansour. In the past, it was the center of the Golden Age of Islam, a major scientific and commercial hub. Today it is the political and economic center of the country with a population of over 9 million people.

Tehran is the capital and largest city of Iran, located in the north of the country at the foot of Mount Damavand. The population is more than 9.4 million people (estimated in 2023). It is an important industrial, financial and cultural center of the state with a rich history and a combination of traditional and modern architecture.

Doha is the capital and largest city of Qatar, located on the Persian Gulf coast. Founded in 1850, the population is over 640 thousand people (2020). A dynamically developing metropolis with modern architecture and traditional Arab markets, the economic and cultural center of the country.

Nicosia is the capital of Cyprus and at the same time the capital of the partially recognized Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. The only divided capital in the world: the northern part (Lefkosha) and the southern part. Located in the center of the island, it is an important political, financial and cultural center.

Kuwait City is the capital of Kuwait, located on the coast of the Gulf of the same name (northwest of the Persian Gulf). The population of the city is about 60 thousand people (2016), the agglomeration is about 2.8 million. It has been known since the 17th century, and since 1961 it has been the capital of independent Kuwait. A major economic and cultural center.

Beirut is the capital of Lebanon, one of the oldest cities in the Mediterranean (known since the 15th century BC). It is located on the Mediterranean coast at the foot of the Lebanese Mountains. It is called the "Paris of the Middle East" for its mix of cultures and European architecture.

Abu Dhabi is the capital of the United Arab Emirates and the emirate of the same name, located on the coast of the Persian Gulf (partly on islands). Founded in 1761, it has a population of about 1.5 million people. The UAE is an economic, political and transport hub with developed oil and financial industries.

Muscat is the capital and largest city of Oman, located on the coast of the Gulf of Oman, surrounded by the Hajar Mountains. It combines ancient traditions and modern infrastructure. The population is about 1.4 million people. Among the attractions are the Sultan Qaboos Mosque, Al‑Jalali and Al‑Mirani forts, Muttra Souk market.

Riyadh is the capital and largest city of Saudi Arabia (population — about 7.4 million people). It is located in the central part of the Arabian Peninsula, in the valley of Wadi Hanifa, at an altitude of about 600 m. The political, economic and transport center of the country. It has been known since the 18th century, and since 1932 it has been the capital of the state.

Damascus is the capital of Syria, one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world (more than 4,500 years old). It is located in a valley at the foot of the Anti-Lebanon Mountains, on the banks of the Barada River. The population is about 1.75 million people. It is famous for the Umayyad Mosque, the Old City (UNESCO site) and Souk Al‑Hamidiya market.

Bishkek is the capital and largest city of Kyrgyzstan, located in the Chui Valley at the foothills of the Tien Shan at an altitude of 750-900 m. It was founded in 1825 as the Pishpek fortress, in 1926-1991 it was called Frunze. The population is over 1.3 million people (2025). The political, economic and cultural center of the country.

Dushanbe is the capital of Tajikistan, the largest political, economic and cultural center of the country. It is located in the Gissar valley at an altitude of about 700 m above sea level. The population is over 1.2 million people (2023). The name comes from the Tajik word "Dushanbe", meaning "Monday".

Ashgabat is the capital and largest city of Turkmenistan. It is located in the south of the country, at the foot of the Kopetdag Mountains, 25 km from the border with Iran. It is known as the "white marble capital": many buildings are lined with white marble. The population is over 1 million people (2022). It was founded in 1881.

Tashkent is the capital and largest city of Uzbekistan, one of the oldest cities in Central Asia (more than 2,000 years old). It is located in the north‑east of the country, in the valley of the Chirchik River. The population is over 3 million people. It is an important political, economic and cultural center of Central Asia.

Kabul is the capital and largest city of Afghanistan, the only one with a million inhabitants in the country. It is located in a mountain valley at an altitude of about 1,800 m above sea level, on the Kabul River. The population is over 4 million people (estimated for 2020). The historical and political center of the country.

Dhaka is the capital of Bangladesh, located on the banks of the Buriganga River. It is one of the largest and most densely populated cities in the world (over 18 million people). Known as the "rickshaw city", it combines ancient traditions and a modern rhythm of life. Among the attractions are the Ahsan Manzil Palace and the Lalbagh Fortress.

Thimphu is the capital of Bhutan, located in the valley of the Wang Chu River at an altitude of about 2,700 meters. The population is approximately 104,000 people. The city combines modern buildings with monasteries and traditional neighborhoods, preserves Buddhist traditions and is characterized by the absence of traffic lights: traffic is regulated by police officers.

New Delhi is the official capital of India, part of the city of Delhi. It was founded in 1911 and designed by architect Edwin Lachens. The area is 42.7 km2, the population is about 322 thousand people (2022). Government offices, the Rashtrapati Bhavan Presidential Palace and wide boulevards are located here.

Male is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Maldives, the economic and cultural center of the archipelago. It is located on several islands of the North Male atoll (including Hulule with the airport). The area is 9.92 km2, the population (2022) is 212,138 people. One of the most densely populated cities in the world.

Kathmandu is the capital of Nepal, located in the valley of the same name at an altitude of about 1300 m above sea level. The largest political, economic and cultural center of the country. It is famous for its ancient architecture, temples and monasteries (including UNESCO sites), and serves as a starting point for trekking in the Himalayas.

Islamabad is the capital of Pakistan, founded in the 1960s to replace Karachi. It is located on the Potohar plateau, at an altitude of 507 m above sea level. The population is over 1 million people (according to 2017 data). It is known for its safety, high standard of living, and abundance of green areas. Among the attractions are the Faisal Mosque and the Pakistani Monument.

Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte is the official capital of Sri Lanka.‑Lanka has been the seat of the country's parliament since 1982. The satellite city of Colombo was founded in the 13th century. The area is 17 km2, the population is about 118 thousand people (2016). It is famous for Lake Diyavanna and the parliament building on bulk island.

Beijing is the capital of China, the political and cultural center of a country with more than 3,000 years of history. The population is over 21 million people. It is known for the Forbidden City, Tiananmen Square, the Temple of Heaven and its proximity to the Great Wall of China. It combines ancient architecture and a modern metropolis.

Pyongyang is the capital and largest city of the DPRK, the political, economic and cultural center of the country. It is located on the banks of the Taedong River. The population is about 2.86 million people. It is known for its monumental architecture: the Arc de Triomphe, the Monument of Juche Ideas, and richly decorated subway stations.

Seoul is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Korea (population — 9.4 million people, 2023). It is located in the north‑west of the country, on the banks of the Hangang River, 24 km from the border with the DPRK. The political, economic and cultural center of the state, one of the leading financial centers of East Asia.

Ulaanbaatar is the capital and largest city of Mongolia, the political, economic and cultural center of the country. It combines modern skyscrapers and Buddhist monasteries (for example, Gandantegchenlin), as well as preserved traditional yurts. The main attraction is the 50—meter monument to Genghis Khan. The population is about 1.5 million people.

Tokyo is the capital of Japan, located in the southeast of Honshu Island, on the Kanto Plain near Tokyo Bay. The largest metropolis with a population of about 14 million people (agglomeration — about 37.5 million). The political, economic and cultural center of the country. It combines modern skyscrapers and traditional temples.

Bandar‑Series‑Begawan is the capital and largest city of Brunei, located in the north of the island of Kalimantan, on the banks of the Brunei River. The population is about 200 thousand people, the climate is equatorial. It is famous for Omar Ali Saifuddin Mosque, Nurul Palace‑Iman and the village on the stilts of Kampong Ayer.

Hanoi is the capital of Vietnam, founded in 1010. Located on the banks of the Hongha River (Red River), the population is over 8.7 million people (2024). The political, cultural and educational center of the country. It combines ancient architecture, colonial heritage and a modern metropolis. It is famous for the Old Quarter and Hoan Kye Lake.

Phnom Penh is the capital of Cambodia, founded in 1372. It is located at the confluence of the Mekong, Tonle Sap and Bassak Rivers. The population is over 2 million people (2019). Key attractions: Royal Palace, Silver Pagoda, Wat Phnom Pagoda. It was known as the "Asian Pearl" during its heyday in the 1920s.

Vientiane is the capital and largest city of Laos, located on the left bank of the Mekong River near the border with Thailand. Founded at the end of the 13th century, it was the capital of the state of Lansang. It is known for Buddhist temples (That Luang, Wat Sisaket), the Patusai Arch and colonial architecture. The population is about 1 million people (2020).

Kuala Lumpur is the capital and largest city of Malaysia, founded in 1857. It is located at the confluence of the Klang and Gombak rivers. It is known for the Petronas twin skyscrapers, Batu Caves and eclectic architecture. It has an equatorial climate, combines tradition and modernity. The population is about 2 million people (2020).

Naypyidaw— the official capital of Myanmar since 2005, is located in the central part of the country, 330 km north of Yangon. The population is about 925 thousand people (2009). The name translates as "royal city". It has a large-scale layout and neoclassical architecture with elements of traditional Myanmar style.

Singapore is a city‑state in the South‑East Asia, located at the southern tip of the Malacca Peninsula. The area is 734 km2, and the population is about 5 million people. Tropical climate, high standard of living, futuristic architecture (for example, Marina Bay Sands) and ethnic neighborhoods (Chinatown, Little India).

Bangkok is the capital and largest city of Thailand (population 5.4 million in 2022). It is located on the eastern shore of the Chauphrai River, near the Gulf of Thailand. The economic center of the country and a popular tourist metropolis with temples (including Wat Arun and the Temple of the Emerald Buddha), markets and vibrant nightlife.

Dili is the capital and largest city of East Timor, founded by the Portuguese around 1520. It is located on the northern coast of Timor Island. The population is about 150-220 thousand people. The main port and commercial center of the country, with an international airport. Attractions include the Cristo Rey Statue and the Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception.

Manila is the capital of the Philippines, located on the island of Luzon near Manila Bay, at the confluence of the Pasig River. It was founded in 1571. One of the most densely populated cities in the world. It is known for the historic Intramuros district with Spanish architecture, Rizal Park and Fort Santiago. It is a major economic and cultural center of the country.

September‑Jones is the capital and main port of Antigua and Barbuda on the island of Antigua. Founded in 1632, it has a tropical climate and a population of about 22,000 people. Famous for beaches (Dickenson Bay), St. Peter's Cathedral‑Jones and Fort James.

Nassau is the capital of the Bahamas, located on New York Island.‑Providence. Founded in 1666, the population is about 274,400 people (2016). It is known for its colonial architecture, pirate past and proximity to the resort island of Paradise with the Atlantis complex. A popular cruise tourism destination.

Bridgetown is the capital of Barbados (part of the British Commonwealth), founded in the 17th century. It is located in the southwest of the island, on the shore of Carlisle Bay. The population is about 100 thousand people. A major port, tourist and financial center of the Caribbean region. The name translates as "bridge city".

Belmopan has been the capital of Belize since 1970, founded after the destruction of the former capital by Hurricane Hattie. It is located at the confluence of the Belize and Mopan Rivers, 80 km from the Caribbean coast. The population is about 27 thousand people (2021). The area is 32.78 km2. The height above sea level is 76 m.

Port‑o‑Prince is the capital and largest city of Haiti, founded in 1749. It is located in the south‑west of the country, on the coast of the bay of Port‑au‑Prince Gonave Bay of the Caribbean Sea. The population is about 942 thousand people (2012), in the agglomeration — about 2.5 million. The main economic, political and cultural center of the state.

Guatemala (Guatemala‑The City is the capital and largest city of Guatemala, founded in 1524. It is located in a high-altitude valley at an altitude of about 1,500 m above sea level, surrounded by volcanoes. The population of the agglomeration is over 3 million people. The economic, political and cultural center of the country.

Tegucigalpa is the capital and largest city of Honduras (since 1880), located in a mountain valley at an altitude of about 975 m above sea level. The population is over 1.5 million people. It is known for its colonial architecture, mild climate and attractions.: Cathedral, La Park‑Leon and the Museum of National Identity.

September‑Georges has been the capital of Grenada since 1974, founded in 1650. Located on the southwestern coast of the island in a picturesque bay, the amphitheater rises along the hillsides. The population is about 3,000 people (2011). There is a seaport and an international airport.

Roseau is the capital and largest city of Dominica, located on the Caribbean coast at the mouth of the Roseau River. It was founded in the 17th century by the French. The population is about 15 thousand people (2013). The colonial buildings, Fort Young, Notre Dame Cathedral and botanical gardens have been preserved. The economic center of the country.

Santo‑Domingo is the capital of the Dominican Republic, the oldest city in the New World. It was founded in 1496 by Bartolomeo Columbus. It is located on the southern coast of the island of Haiti near the Caribbean Sea. The climate is tropical. The historical center is included in the UNESCO list. The population is over 5 million people.

Ottawa is the capital of Canada, located in the south‑east of the country, at the junction of the provinces of Ontario and Quebec. It is the fourth most populous city (over 1.4 million people), a political, cultural and technological center. It is characterized by a high level of education of residents and an abundance of green areas.

San Jose is the capital and largest city of Costa Rica.‑Riki, the cultural, economic and political center of the country. It is located in the Central Valley at an altitude of about 1170 m above sea level. It has a temperate climate ("eternal spring"), a wealth of museums (including the Museum of Gold) and proximity to natural attractions.

Havana is the capital and largest city of Cuba, located on the northwest coast of the island. It was founded in 1515. It is known for its colonial architecture, Old Havana (UNESCO site), fortresses, Malecon embankment and vibrant cultural atmosphere. The tourist center of the Caribbean with a tropical climate.

Mexico City is the capital of Mexico, founded in 1325 as Tenochtitlan. It is located in a high-altitude valley at an altitude of 2,240 m above sea level. The population is about 9 million people. It combines the ancient heritage of the Aztecs and Spanish colonial architecture with modern culture. It is known for historical monuments, museums and vibrant gastronomy.

Managua is the capital and largest city of Nicaragua with a population of about 1.05 million people (2020). It is located on the southwestern shore of Lake Managua, 45 km from the Pacific Ocean. The economic, political and cultural center of the country. Founded in the 16th century, it received the status of the capital in 1852.

Panama is the capital of Panama, founded in 1519. It is located at the Pacific entrance to the Panama Canal. The population is about 813 thousand people (2012), with suburbs — about 1.3 million. The economic and cultural center of the country, a major international transport hub and banking center. It is known for the historical districts of Panama‑Viejo and Casco‑Viejo.

San Salvador is the capital and largest city of El Salvador, founded in 1525. It is located at the foot of the San Salvador volcano. The population is about 570 thousand people. The main political, economic and cultural center of the country. It is known for the National Palace, the Metropolitan Cathedral and the proximity to the El National Park.‑Boqueron.

Castries is the capital of Saint‑Lucia, founded in 1650 by the French. It is located on the northwest coast of the island, near the bay of Port Castries. It is the economic and tourist center of the country with a seaport and an international airport. The population is about 4 thousand people (as of 2010).

Kingstown is the capital of Saint‑Vincent and the Grenadines, located in the south of the island of Saint‑Vincent by the Caribbean Sea. Founded in the XVIII century, the population is about 13 thousand people. A large port and a commercial and tourist center with colonial architecture, a botanical garden (1765) and Fort Charlotte.

Basseterre is the capital of Saint‑Kitts and Nevis, founded in 1627. It is located on the southern coast of the island of Saint‑Christopher, the population is about 14.4 thousand people (2018). It is known for its colonial architecture, port, and proximity to Brimstone Hill Fort (a World Heritage Site).

Washington is the capital of the United States, located on the banks of the Potomac River in the District of Columbia (not part of any state). Founded in 1790, it is named after the first president George Washington. The White House, the Capitol, and many museums and memorials are located here. The population is about 650 thousand people. The area is 177 km2.

Port of‑Spain is the capital of Trinidad and Tobago, founded in the 16th century by the Spanish conquistadors on the site of an Indian settlement. It is located in the northwest of the island of Trinidad, on the shores of the Gulf of Paria. The political, economic and cultural center of the country. The population is about 50 thousand people (2010).

Kingston is the capital and largest city of Jamaica, founded in 1693. Located on the Caribbean coast in a natural harbor. The population is about 580 thousand people. The largest English-speaking city in the Caribbean region, the center of commerce and culture, the birthplace of reggae. It is known for the Bob Marley Museum and other attractions.

Buenos Aires is the capital of Argentina, founded in 1536. One of the most beautiful and most "European" megacities in South America. He is known for architecture, tango, vibrant cultural life and contrasts.: old neighborhoods are adjacent to skyscrapers, fashionable areas are adjacent to colorful port areas.

Sucre is the official capital of Bolivia, the administrative center of the Chuquisaca Department. Founded in 1538, it has been the capital of the country since 1825. The population is about 300 thousand people (2011). It is located in the intermountain valley of the Central Andes at an altitude of 2,750 m. The historical center is included in the UNESCO World Heritage List.

Brasilia has been the capital of Brazil since 1960, built according to a single plan (1956-1960) on the Brazilian Plateau (altitude 1,000 -1,200 m). She is known for her modernist architecture (including works by Oscar Niemeyer) and airplane-shaped layout. It is included in the UNESCO World Heritage List. The population is about 3 million people.

Caracas is the capital and largest city of Venezuela, founded in 1567. It is located in the valley of the Guaire River at an altitude of about 900 meters above sea level, near the Caribbean Sea. The political, economic and cultural center of the country is surrounded by mountain ranges, including the El Avila National Park.

Georgetown is the capital of Guyana, founded in 1781 by the Dutch (originally Stabroek), and since 1812 has been named after King George III. It is located in the north‑east of the country, on the Atlantic Ocean coast near the Demerara River. The population is about 250 thousand people. A major transport and economic center.

Bogota is the capital and largest city of Colombia, founded in 1538. It is located in an intermountain basin at an altitude of over 2,600 m. The population is about 8 million people. The main political, economic and cultural center of the country with a cool climate and rich history.

Asuncion is the capital and largest city of Paraguay, founded in 1537. It is located on the left bank of the Paraguay River, at the confluence of the Pilcomayo River. The political, economic and cultural center of the country. The population is about 500 thousand people (2024), with suburbs of over 2.3 million.

Lima is the capital of Peru, founded in 1535 by Francisco Pizarro. It is located on the coast of the Pacific Ocean, at the foot of the Andes, on the banks of the Rimak River. The historical center is included in the UNESCO World Heritage List. It is a major political, economic and cultural center of the country.

Paramaribo is the capital and largest city of Suriname, located on the banks of the Suriname River, near the Atlantic Ocean. The population is about 224 thousand people. The historic center is included in the UNESCO World Heritage List: wooden colonial buildings of the Dutch era, Fort Zeelandia and the Cathedral of Saints Peter and Paul have been preserved here.

Montevideo is the capital of Uruguay, founded in 1726. Located on the shore of La Bay‑Plata (Atlantic Ocean), is a major seaport. The population is over a million people. It combines historical heritage (buildings of the XVIII–XIX centuries) and modern infrastructure. It is known as the venue of the first FIFA World Cup (1930).

Santiago is the capital and largest city of Chile, founded in 1541 by Pedro de Valdivia. It is located at the foot of the Andes Mountains at an altitude of about 540 m above sea level, less than 100 km from the Pacific Ocean. The Mediterranean climate has a population of over 5 million people. The main political, economic and cultural center of the country.

Quito is the capital of Ecuador, located in the valley of the Andes on the slopes of the Pichincha volcano at an altitude of 2,850 m. It is the second highest capital in the world. Founded in 1534, the historical center is a UNESCO site. The name means "the center of the world". 25 km from the equator.

Vienna is the capital of Austria, its cultural, economic and political center. It is located on the banks of the Danube, at the foot of the Eastern Alps. The population is about 2 million people (2025). The historical center is included in the UNESCO list. It is known for its palaces, cathedrals, musical traditions and high quality of life.

Tirana is the capital and largest city of Albania, its political, economic and cultural center. Founded in 1614, it became the capital in 1920. It is located in the central part of the country, at the foot of the Kruja‑Daiti mountain range. The population is about 520 thousand people.

Brussels is the capital of Belgium and the Brussels—Capital region, and one of the key political centers of Europe. The EU institutions and the NATO headquarters are located here. The city is famous for the Gran Square‑The Plaza, the fountain "Pissing Boy" (Manneken Pis) and the Atomium. He is known for Belgian chocolate, waffles and beer.

Berlin is the capital and largest city of Germany, founded in 1237. It is located on the rivers Spree and Havel. The population is about 3.8 million people (2023). It is known for its rich history, cultural attractions (Reichstag, Brandenburg Gate, Museum Island) and the atmosphere of freedom.

Dublin is the capital of Ireland, located on the east coast of the country at the mouth of the River Liffey, which flows into the Irish Sea. The largest city of the island, the political, economic and cultural center. It is known for its rich history, pubs, literary heritage and attractions such as Dublin Castle and the Guinness Museum.

Vaduz is the capital of the Principality of Liechtenstein, located in the upper Rhine, at the foot of the Alps. The population is about 5,700 people (2022). It has been known since the 12th century. Main attractions: Vaduz Castle (residence of the Prince), St. Florin Cathedral, museums. The tourist and administrative center of the country.

Luxembourg is the capital of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, founded in 963. The area is 51.5 km2, the population is about 124.5 thousand people (2020). It is famous for medieval castles, the casemates of Bok, the Bridge of Adolphe and the Cathedral of Our Lady. An important financial and political center of Europe, the EU institutions are located here.

Monaco is a dwarf state on the coast of the Ligurian Sea (southern Europe), bordering France. The area is about 2 km2, and the population is about 36,000 people. Famous for its luxury, Casino Monte‑Carlo, the Princely Palace and the Formula 1 stage. Mediterranean climate, more than 300 sunny days a year.

Minsk is the capital and largest city of Belarus, the political, economic and cultural center of the country. It is located on the Svisloch River. Founded in 1067, it has the status of a hero city. The population is about 2 million people (2026). It is known for its historical and modern attractions and well-developed infrastructure.

Sofia is the capital and largest city of Bulgaria, located in the Sofia Basin at the foot of Vitosha Mountain. Founded in ancient times (the ancient name is Serdika), since 1879 it has been the capital of the country. An important political, economic and cultural center with a rich history and attractions (Alexander Nevsky Cathedral, St. Sophia Cathedral, etc.).

Budapest is the capital of Hungary, located on both banks of the Danube. It was formed in 1873 by the merger of Buda, Pest and Obuda. The country's largest city (about 1.7 million inhabitants), an economic, scientific and cultural center. It is famous for its architecture, thermal springs and UNESCO-listed attractions.

Chisinau is the capital and largest city of Moldova, the economic and cultural center of the country. It is located in its central part on the Byk River, stands on seven hills. Founded in 1359, it was first mentioned in 1436. The population is about 674,500 people (2022). The area is about 123 km2.

Warsaw is the capital and largest city of Poland, located on the banks of the Vistula River. The population is over 1.8 million people (2021). Founded in the 14th century, it became the capital in 1596. The historical center is included in the UNESCO World Heritage List. It combines ancient architecture and modern neighborhoods.

Bucharest is the capital and largest city of Romania, an important economic and cultural center. The population is about 1.8 million people. It is known as the "Little Paris" of Eastern Europe due to the architecture of the XIX–XX centuries. Among the attractions are the Parliament Palace, the Old Town and the Romanian Athenaeum.

Bratislava is the capital of Slovakia with a thousand—year history. It is located on the banks of the Danube at the foot of the Lesser Carpathians, 55 km from Vienna. It is known for the Old Town with narrow streets, the Bratislava Castle above the river and medieval architecture. The population is over 420 thousand people.

Kiev is the capital of Ukraine, one of the oldest cities in Europe. It is located on the banks of the Dnieper River. The political, economic and cultural center of the country. It is known for its rich history and monuments (Kiev‑Pechersk Lavra, St. Sophia Cathedral, etc.) and green areas. The population is about 3 million people (2022).

Prague is the capital of the Czech Republic, located on the banks of the Vltava River. The population is about 1.4 million people (2025). A major political, economic and cultural center, one of the main tourist cities in Europe. The historical center is included in the UNESCO World Heritage List.

Reykjavik is the capital of Iceland and the northernmost capital in the world. It is located in the southwest of the island, on the shore of Fahsafloui Bay. The name translates as "Steaming Bay" (because of the geothermal springs). The population is over 120 thousand people. It is known for its distinctive architecture, such as the church of Hadlgrimskirkja, and environmental friendliness.

Riga is the capital of Latvia, located on the banks of the Daugava River near the Gulf of Riga. It was founded in 1201. The population is about 605 thousand people (2024). The political, economic and cultural center of the country. The historical center is included in the UNESCO list, famous for its Art Nouveau architecture (more than 800 buildings).

Vilnius is the capital and largest city of Lithuania (607,667 people in 2025), located in the south‑east of the country at the confluence of the Vilna and Nyaris rivers. It was founded in 1323. The historical center is included in the UNESCO World Heritage List. It is known for medieval architecture, Baroque churches and green areas.

Helsinki is the capital and largest city of Finland, founded in 1550. It is located in the south of the country, on the shore of the Gulf of Finland of the Baltic Sea. The population is about 657 thousand people (for 2021). The center of business, education and culture of the country. It is known for its architecture, museums and proximity to nature.

Stockholm is the capital of Sweden, located on 14 islands at the junction of Lake Melaren and the Baltic Sea. The population is over 1.6 million people. It is famous for the historical center of Gamla Stan, the Royal Palace and the Vasa Museum with a ship of the XVII century. It combines rich history and modern Scandinavian design.

Tallinn is the capital of Estonia, located on the shores of the Gulf of Finland. The city combines medieval architecture (the Old Town is on the UNESCO list) and modern technology (the "Silicon Valley of Europe"). The population is about 445,000 people (2022). It is a major seaport and cultural center of the country.

Andorra la‑Velha is the capital and largest city of Andorra, the highest mountain capital of Europe (1,079 m above sea level). Located in the Pyrenees, between France and Spain, at the confluence of the Valira del rivers‑Orien and Valira del Nord. It is known for its historic neighborhoods, shopping, and mountain scenery.

Sarajevo is the capital of Bosnia and Herzegovina, located in an intermountain basin on the banks of the Miljacki River. The population is about 275 thousand people (2022). It was founded around 1462. It is known for the mixture of cultures and religions, the historical district of Bashkiria and the events that influenced the outbreak of the First World War.

Athens is the capital of Greece, one of the oldest cities in the world. Located in the historical area of Attica. The economic, cultural and administrative center of the country. They are famous for ancient monuments, including the Acropolis and the Parthenon. The population is over 3 million people (as of 2021).

Rome is the capital of Italy, founded in 753 BC. It is located on the Tiber River, in the Lazio region. One of the oldest cities in Europe, the former center of the Roman Empire. The Vatican City State is located within its borders. It is famous for ancient monuments such as the Colosseum, the Pantheon, and the Roman Forum. The unofficial name is "Eternal City".

Valletta is the capital of Malta, founded in the 16th century by Knights of the Order of St. John and named after Jean Parisot de La Valletta. It is located on the northeast coast of the island between the bays of Marsamuscetto and Grand Harbor. UNESCO World Heritage Site with Renaissance and Baroque architecture. The population is about 6.75 thousand people (2006).

San Marino is the capital of the state of the same name on the Apennine Peninsula, completely surrounded by Italy. Located on Monte Mountain‑Titano (739 m). It was founded in 301. It is famous for medieval fortress towers (Guaita, Chesta, Montale), the historical center is a UNESCO site. The population is about 4,000 people.

Skopje is the capital of North Macedonia, located in the valley of the Vardar River, surrounded by mountains. The population is about 540 thousand people. The city has a rich history (known since the time of the Roman Empire) and mixed architecture: from ancient monuments to buildings after the earthquake of 1963.

Belgrade is the capital and largest city of Serbia, located at the confluence of the Sava and Danube rivers. One of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in Europe (mentioned since the 3rd century BC). The political, economic and cultural center of the country. The population is about 1.2 million people (for 2022).

Ljubljana is the capital and largest city of Slovenia (284.4 thousand people, 2019). It is located in the central part of the country in the Ljubljana basin on the banks of the Ljubljana River. The main political, economic and cultural center of the state. It is known for the medieval Castle Grad, the Old Town and the Baroque and Art Nouveau architecture.

Zagreb is the capital and largest city of Croatia, located on the Sava River near the Medvednica mountain range. It was founded in 1094. The population is about 300 thousand people (2021). It combines rich historical heritage and modern urban life, and is known for attractions such as the Upper Town and Ban Jelacic Square.

Podgorica is the capital and largest city of Montenegro, the administrative, economic and cultural center of the country. It is located in the central part of the state on the banks of the rivers Moraca and Ribnica. It combines Ottoman, Yugoslav and modern architectural heritage, surrounded by picturesque hills and natural attractions.

Moscow is the capital of Russia, a city of federal significance. It was founded in 1147. The largest city in the country and Europe: population — 13.3 million people (2025), area — 2,561.5 km2. It is famous for the Kremlin, Red Square and other attractions. It is an important political, economic and cultural center.

Ankara has been the capital of Turkey since 1923, and the country's second largest city. It is located on the Anatolian Plateau (about 850 m high) at the confluence of the Chubuk and Ankara rivers. It has been known since the 7th century BC. Among the attractions are the Ataturk Mausoleum, the Hisar fortress, the Hadji Bayram Mosque and many museums.

Sanaa is the capital of Yemen, one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. It is located in a mountainous area at an altitude of about 2200 m. It is known for medieval architecture: multi-storey buildings with geometric ornaments and stained glass windows. The Old Town is included in the UNESCO World Heritage List.

Cairo is the capital of Egypt and the largest city in Africa, located on the banks of the Nile. The population is over 10 million people. It is known for its proximity to the pyramids of Giza and the Sphinx, the Egyptian Museum and the ancient Khan El Khalili Bazaar. It combines the ancient history and dynamics of a modern metropolis.

Canberra is the capital of Australia, founded in 1913. It is located about 150 km from the east coast, at an altitude of about 578 m. The population is over 460 thousand people (2023). The city is home to the parliament and key government institutions of the country. The layout is based on the concept of a "garden city", with Lake Burley Griffin in the center.

Port Vila is the capital and largest city of Vanuatu in the southwestern Pacific Ocean, located on Efate Island (on Mele Beach). The population is about 44 thousand people (2009), the climate is tropical. The commercial center of the country with a busy port and the international airport "Bowerfield" nearby.

South Tarawa is the capital of Kiribati, located on Tarawa Atoll (Gilbert Islands) in the western Pacific Ocean. It consists of four municipalities: Betio, Bayiriki, Bonriki and Bikenibeu. The population is about 50 thousand people. The area is 15.76 km2. The population density is over 3,000 people/km2.

Majuro is the capital of the Marshall Islands, located on the atoll of the same name in the Pacific Ocean. The population is about 30,000 people. The city combines the role of an administrative center with opportunities for tourism: diving, snorkeling and beach holidays are popular here. It has a tropical climate and a picturesque lagoon with an area of 295 km2.

Palikir is the capital of the Federated States of Micronesia, located on the island of Pohnpei in the Pacific Ocean. The city is located in a valley between volcanoes, surrounded by tropical forests and mangroves. The population is about 7,700 people (2013). It became the capital in 1989. It has a calm atmosphere and proximity to nature.

Wellington is the capital of New Zealand, located in the south of the North Island near the Cook Strait. The population is about 182 thousand people (2006). It is a major port, transport hub and economic center of the country. It is known for its hilly terrain, parks, cultural institutions and windy climate.

Ngerulmud has been the capital of Palau since 2006, located on Babeltuap Island (Melekeok State), 25 km from Palau International Airport. One of the most sparsely populated capitals in the world (about 270 people). The main attraction is the Capitol Complex. Surrounded by tropical nature and the waters of the Pacific Ocean.

Port‑Moresby is the capital of Papua New Guinea, located in the southeast of the island of New Guinea at Port Bay.‑Moresby (Bay of Papua, Coral Sea). Founded in 1873, it has been the capital of an independent state since 1975. The population is about 317 thousand people (2012). The main economic and administrative center of the country.

Apia is the capital of Samoa, located on the northern coast of Upolu Island. It is the main port and economic center of the country with a tropical climate. The population is about 36 thousand people (according to the 2021 census). It is known for the estate and grave of the writer R. L. Stevenson in the suburb of Vailima.

Honiara is the capital and main port of the Solomon Islands, located on the northwest coast of Guadalcanal Island. The population is about 92,300 people (2021). The economic and administrative center of the country with a tropical climate, rich culture and heritage of the Second World War.

Nuku'alofa is the capital of the Kingdom of Tonga, located on the northern coast of the island of Tongatapu. The population is about 23 thousand people. Tropical climate, picturesque nature. The main attractions are the Royal Palace (1867), the Royal Tombs of Mala'ekula and the Talamahu market. The name translates from Tongan as "Abode of Love".

Funafuti is the capital and largest island of Tuvalu, located on the atoll of the same name in the South Pacific Ocean. It is a narrow strip of land (12 km long and 400 m wide). The population is about 6 thousand people. It has a tropical climate, picturesque beaches and the Te Namo lagoon.

Suva is the capital of Fiji, located on the southeastern coast of the island of Viti Levu. It is the largest city and the main political, economic and cultural center of the country. The population is over 90 thousand people. It is known for the Fiji Museum, Thurston Botanical Garden and colonial architecture. The climate is tropical.

London is the capital of Great Britain, the largest city in the country and one of the world's leading financial, cultural and political centers. Located on the River Thames, it was founded in 47. The population is about 8.8 million people (2020). It is known for historical sights: Buckingham Palace, Big Ben, the Tower of London, etc.

Amsterdam is the capital of the Netherlands, founded in the 13th century. It is known as the "Venice of the North": 165 canals, more than 1,200 bridges, ancient houses and houseboats. The Van Gogh Museum, the Rijksmuseum, and the Anne Frank House Museum are located here. The city is located below sea level, famous for its liberal atmosphere and abundance of bicycles.

Paris is the capital of France, located on the banks of the Seine. A city with a rich history and culture, famous for its sights: Eiffel Tower, Louvre, Notre Dame Cathedral. It is recognized as the center of fashion, art and gastronomy, attracts millions of tourists annually. The population is over 2 million people.

Copenhagen is the capital and largest city of Denmark, located on the islands of Zealand, Amager and Slotsholmen near the Oresund Strait. Founded in 1167, the population is over 615 thousand people. He is known for the sculpture of the Little Mermaid, Tivoli Park, Stroget Street and the legacy of Hans Christian Andersen.

Oslo is the capital of Norway, located on the shore of the Oslo Fjord, surrounded by wooded hills. The city has 40 islands and 343 lakes. It is a major economic, transport and cultural center of the country. He is known for the Vigeland Sculpture Park, the Opera House, the Viking Ship Museum and the annual Nobel Peace Prize award.

Madrid is the capital and largest city of Spain, located in the center of the Iberian Peninsula at an altitude of 667 m above sea level. The population is over 3.3 million people. An important political, economic and cultural center with rich traditions, world-class museums (the Prado, etc.) and vibrant nightlife.

Lisbon is the capital of Portugal, one of the oldest capitals in Europe. It is located on seven hills near the Tagus River, near the Atlantic Ocean. It is known for the Alfama quarter, the yellow trams, the Belen Tower and the atmosphere of Fado. It has a mild climate and scenic views from observation decks.

Jerusalem is one of the oldest cities in the world (since the 2nd millennium BC), located in the Judean Mountains between the Mediterranean and the Dead Seas. The holy city for Judaism, Christianity and Islam, the capital of Israel. The population is about 972 thousand people (for 2022).

North Nicosia (Lefkosha) is the capital of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. The population is about 61,400 people (2011). The economic, political and cultural center of the region. A historic fortress city with Venetian walls and the Selim Mosque, a major educational hub (4 universities) and a tourist center.

Nanjing is a city in the eastern part of China, the capital of Jiangsu Province, located on the banks of the Yangtze River. It is known as the "Southern Capital": it was the center of various dynasties and the Republic of China. It has more than 2,500 years of history and is rich in monuments, including the Ming City Wall and the mausoleum of Sun Yat-sen.

El Ayoun is the largest city in Western Sahara (population — about 263 thousand people, 2024), is under the control of Morocco, the declared capital of the SADR. It is located 20 km from the Atlantic coast, in an oasis near the Hamra River valley. Founded in 1938, the climate is tropical and dry. Among the attractions are the Grand Mosque and the Spanish Cathedral.

Hargeisa is a city in Somalia, the de facto capital of the unrecognized Republic of Somaliland. It is located on the Galgodon plateau (1250-1400 m above sea level), 50 km from the border with Ethiopia. The population is about 990 thousand people (2020). A major commercial and transport hub.

Pristina is the capital of the partially recognized Republic of Kosovo (since 2008), and the largest city in the region. It is located in the basin of Kosovo‑A field to the west of the Golyak mountain range. The population is about 199,000 people (2011). It is an important economic, cultural and transport hub.

Baku is the capital of Azerbaijan, the largest city in the Caucasus and a port on the Caspian Sea. Located on the Absheron Peninsula, it is known as the "windy city". It combines ancient architecture (Old Town, Maiden Tower, Shirvanshahs' Palace) with modern skyscrapers. The population is over 2 million people.

Yerevan is the capital and largest city of Armenia, one of the oldest cities in the world (founded in 782 BC as the fortress of Erebuni). It is located in the Ararat Valley at an altitude of 900-1300 m above sea level. The population is about 1.1 million people (for 2022). The political, economic and cultural center of the country.

Tbilisi is the capital and largest city of Georgia, founded in the 5th century, located on the banks of the Kura River. The population is about 1.2 million people. It translates as "warm spring". It is an important cultural, industrial and transport center at the crossroads of Europe and Asia.

Astana, the capital of Kazakhstan since 1997, is located in the north of the country on the banks of the Ishim River. The millionaire city (over 1.35 million people in 2022) is characterized by modern architecture (for example, Bayterek) and a sharply continental climate. Previously, it was named Akmolinsk, Tselinograd, Akmola, Nur‑Sultan.

Sukhum is the capital of Abkhazia, located on the Black Sea coast, in Sukhumi Bay. An ancient city with 2,500 years of history, it combines the cultural heritage of different nations and picturesque nature. It is known for its Botanical Garden and monkey nursery. The population is about 65 thousand people.

Tskhinval is the capital of the partially recognized Republic of South Ossetia. It is located on the Bolshaya Liakhvi River at an altitude of about 900 m above sea level. Founded in the 11th century, the area is 17.46 km2, the population is about 33 thousand people (2021). The main political, cultural and economic center of the region.

Tiraspol is the capital of the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic, located on the left bank of the Dniester. It was founded in 1792 by A. V. Suvorov as a Srednyaya fortress, and received city status in 1795. The population is about 126,300 people (as of April 2025). The distance to Chisinau is 75 km, to Odessa — 105 km.

Buea is a city in southwestern Cameroon, the capital of the Southwestern Region and (since 2017) the unrecognized state of Ambazonia. It is located at the foot of the Cameroon volcano, 15 km from the Atlantic Ocean. The population is about 47.3 thousand people (2001). It is known for its tea plantations and colonial architecture.

Jakarta is the capital and largest city of Indonesia, located in the northwest of the island of Java near the Java Sea (at the confluence of the Chiliwung River). The area is 664 km2, the population is over 11 million people (2023). Subequatorial climate. Previously, it was named Sunda Kelapa, Jayakarta and Batavia.

Taungji is the administrative center of Shan State (Myanmar), founded in 1894. It is located at an altitude of about 1400 m above sea level, with a population of over 200,000 people. The name means "Big Mountain". A multinational and multi—religious city, Inle Lake and other attractions are nearby.